Women’s History Month: Anna Mae Hays | A Legacy of Leadership and Service
Anna Mae Hays was a trailblazer, an innovator and a dedicated leader who broke barriers in military and health care leadership. Born in Allentown, she became the first woman in the U.S. Armed Forces to achieve the rank of brigadier general. Her legacy reflects resilience, progress and advocacy for women in service. Her life and career exemplify LPPIH’s Vital Conditions for Health and Well-Being, particularly in advancing equity, fostering belonging and ensuring access to essential health resources.
Trailblazer in Military Leadership
Hays’ journey began in the U.S. Army Nurse Corps during World War II, where she served in the China-Burma-India Theater. Her dedication to excellence quickly became evident, while her innovative approaches to health care delivery on the front lines earned her recognition and respect. By 1970 she shattered the military’s glass ceiling, becoming the first female brigadier general in U.S. history.
Hays’ historic promotion marked a turning point for women in the military. Reflecting on her career, she said, “Success is a matter of opportunity, persistence, and courage.” Her achievements opened doors for generations of women in the Armed Forces, empowering them to aspire to leadership roles without limitations.
Revolutionizing Military Health Care
Beyond her role as a leader, Hays was instrumental in modernizing military health care. During her tenure as chief of the Army Nurse Corps from 1967 to 1971, she implemented groundbreaking policies, such as standardizing nursing procedures across military hospitals and introducing advanced training programs for nurses.
Hays also championed the establishment of family-centered maternity care in military hospitals. Her efforts ensured that patients received holistic care, reflecting the Vital Condition of Basic Needs for Health and Safety. Her work not only improved the lives of service members, it set new standards for civilian health care institutions.
Advocating for Women in Uniform
Hays’ leadership extended beyond health care. She was a staunch advocate for gender equality in the military, lobbying for equal pay and opportunities for female service members. In 1970, her efforts contributed to the passage of legislation that eliminated restrictions on the number of women allowed to serve as commissioned officers.
One of her most memorable moments came during a 1989 ceremony at Arlington National Cemetery, when she addressed a group of women veterans. Hays encouraged them to “celebrate the progress we’ve made, but never stop fighting for what’s right.” Her advocacy remains a cornerstone of her legacy.
A Life of Service and Legacy of Impact
Hays’ impact extended beyond her military career. In retirement, she returned to Allentown and dedicated herself to community service. She supported local organizations that focused on veterans' welfare and public health, ensuring that her contributions to well-being continued to resonate at home. Among Hays’ many achievements, some key milestones include:
- Becoming the first woman promoted to brigadier general in U.S. history (1970).
- Leading the Army Nurse Corps, modernizing military health care systems and policies (1967-1971).
- Advocating for gender equality in the military, influencing legislation that opened doors for women in leadership roles.
- Establishing family-centered maternity care in military hospitals, revolutionizing health care for service families.
A Vision for Holistic Well-Being Moving Forward
Hays’ legacy reflects LPPIH’s commitment to fostering holistic well-being. Her contributions spanned multiple domains – health care innovation, gender equality and community service – creating a lasting impact on countless lives. Hays’ death in 2018 marked the end of a remarkable life, but her influence continues to inspire. As we honor her during Women’s History Month, we celebrate her leadership, resilience and dedication to service.
Hays’ legacy is a reminder to remain engaged in advancing equity, innovation and community well-being. By investing in the Vital Conditions for Health and Well-Being, we ensure that her vision for a better world continues to thrive.
